Chaperone proteins ensure new proteins are fold correctly. Misshapen proteins lead to severe diseases. For examples, cystic fibrosis and Alzheimer disease are probably caused by malfunctioning chaperone proteins.
Prions are misfolded proteins that cause other proteins of the same type to fold the wrong way too. One of the fatal brain diseases, Mad Cow disease, is probably due to this midfolded proteins. Mad Cow disease is a type of TSEs which stands for transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. TSEs have no cure because no infective agent can be found.
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